Abstract This paper analyzes cases of typical fire and explosion hazards from oil-flow static electricity during oil unloading and refueling processes to study electrostatic risk prevention and control measures. In order to test the effectiveness of the electrostatic risk prevention and control measures, an on-line static electricity monitoring instrument was designed and used to measure the oil charge density at gas stations. The test results showed that through establishing oil-flow charge monitoring at gas stations based on electrostatic monitoring technology, blast accidents caused by static electricity could be avoided effectively.