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五峰—龙马溪组海相页岩生—储耦合演化及对页岩气富集的控制效应
杨威,蔡剑锋,王乾右,崔政劼,崔哲,徐亮,李兰,顾小敏,王井伶
1 中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与探测国家重点实验室, 北京 102249
The controlling effect of organic matter coupling with organic matter porosity on shale gas enrichment of the Wufeng-Longmaxi marine shale
YANG Wei, CAI Jianfeng, WANG Qianyou, CUI Zhengjie, CUI Zhe, XU Liang, LI Lan, GU Xiaoming, WANG Jingling
1 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China

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摘要  四川盆地五峰—龙马溪组海相页岩热演化程度高,含气性好,有机质与有机质孔随演化程度升高演化机 制具有耦合性,这对盆内不同地区页岩气藏含气量具有控制作用。为揭示有机质与有机质孔在不同演化阶段下 的协同演化对页岩气富集成藏的控制效应,选取了与研究区具有相似地质地化特征的下马岭组海相页岩开展了 高温高压热模拟实验来模拟页岩生烃演化过程。基于海相页岩生烃热模拟实验烃气产率与碳同位素序列特征, 厘定了海相页岩滞留原油接替干酪根生气的成熟度下限RO为 1.5%与生气高峰期(RO为 2.5%~3.4%)。开展了下马 岭组与五峰—龙马溪组页岩扫描电镜分析,基于有机质定性识别与孔隙定量提取,以有机质形态学参数及等效 圆直径、周长面积比等孔隙结构参数分析表明:海相页岩在低成熟阶段以原始干酪根有机质为主,有机质主要 为团块状,有机质内主要发育微孔,孔隙连通性差,无机矿物粒间孔残余;高成熟阶段原始干酪根在总有机质 中占比逐渐减少,迁移有机质占比上升,最高达 80%,为早期干酪根形成的原油充注于残存的粒间孔形成,迁 移有机质内普遍发育焦沥青孔,等效圆直径、周长面积比等孔隙结构特征参数表明焦沥青孔发育良好,孔径较 大,孔隙形态为圆状、长椭圆状,连通性好。有机质与有机质孔的耦合演化保证了晚期海相页岩气的富集成藏, 低演化阶段干酪根与残余粒间孔提供了液态烃的物质基础与充注空间,高演化阶段大量存在的迁移有机质与焦 沥青孔提供了成气母质与储气空间,有利于页岩气富集成藏。
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关键词 : 海相页岩;五峰—龙马溪组;生烃时机;有机质;有机质孔
Abstract
The Wufeng-Longmaxi marine shale of the Sichuan Basin is characterized by a high degree of thermal evolution and good gas bearing properties. The evolution mechanism of organic matter and organic matter porosity is coupled with the increase of the degree of evolution, which has a controlling effect on the gas content of shale gas reservoirs in different areas of the Sichuan Basin. In order to reveal the controlling effect of the co-evolution of organic matter and organic matter porosity at different evolutionary stages on the shale gas enrichment and accumulation, a high-temperature and high-pressure thermal simulation experiment was carried out on samples of the Xiaming marine shale due to its similar geological and geochemical characteristics to the Wufeng-Longmaxi shale in the study area. The experiment was targeted at simulating the hydrocarbon generation process of marine shale. Based on the hydrocarbon gas productivity and characteristics of carbon isotope sequences of marine shale in the hydrocarbon-generation thermal simulation experiment, the initial maturity of cracked gas in retained oil has been determined as 1.5%, and at the peak stage it was 2.5%~3.4%. We have carried out scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination of samples of the Xiamaling and Wufeng-Longmaxi marine shales, based on organic matter qualitative identification and organic matter porosity quantitative extraction. The results of parameter analysis including organic matter morphological parameters and pore   
structure parameters (equivalent circle diameter and perimeter area ratio) show that original kerogen dominates the major part of the marine shale organic matter in the low maturity stage. This has the morphology of isolated, micropores mainly developed on the organic matter with poor pore connectivity and inorganic mineral intergranular porosity is usually remnant; At the highly mature evolutionary stage, the proportion of original kerogen in all organic matter is gradually reduced, while the percentage of migrated organic matter formed by crude oil filling in remaining intergranular pores tends to increase, up to 80%. Asphalt porosity is widely developed in migrated organic matter, the equivalent diameter and perimeter area ratio parameter of pore structure shows that asphalt porosity is well developed with relatively large pore diameters and round to long-oval pore morphology as well as good pore connectivity. The coupling evolution of organic matter and organic matter porosity ensures the enrichment and accumulation of marine shale gas at the high maturity evolutionary stage. Original kerogen provides the material basis and the residual intergranular pores provide the filling space for the liquid hydrocarbon at the low evolution stage. The migrated organic matter provides materials for gas generation and organic matter pores provide the storage space at the high evolution stage, which  
is conducive to marine shale gas accumulation.  
 

 

Key words: marine shale; Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation; timing of hydrocarbon generation; organic matter; organic matter porosity
收稿日期: 2020-06-30     
PACS:    
基金资助:中国石油大学( 北京) 拔尖人才科研启动基金(2462017BJB07)、国家自然科学青年基金(41602233)、国家科技重大专项“五峰—龙马溪组
富有机质页岩储层精细描述与页岩气成藏机理”(2017ZX05035002-007)、国家科技重大专项“不同类型页岩气生气机理与富集规律研
究”(2016ZX05034001-005) 共同资助
通讯作者: yangw@cup.edu.cn
引用本文:   
​​YANG Wei, CAI Jianfeng, WANG Qianyou, CUI Zhengjie, CUI Zhe, XU Liang, LI Lan, GU Xiaoming, WANG Jingling. The controlling effect of organic matter coupling with organic matter porosity on shale gas enrichment of the Wufeng-Longmaxi marine shale. Petroleum Science Bulletin, 2020, 02: 148-160.
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