Based on the emergy analysis method, this paper constructs a set of systems for evaluation of the sustainable economic efficiency of oilfields. The evaluation system is divided into two levels; a complex ecosystem and a subsystem. The complex ecosystem evaluates the oilfields’ ecosystems from a macro perspective. And the subsystem evaluates the sustainable economic efficiency of oilfields’ ecosystems in terms of resources, environment, society and economy. Based on the evaluation system results, we can judge the economic development trend, the environmental carrying capacity, the resource utilization efficiency and the sustainable development capacity of oil fields. The evaluation system contains 13 evaluation indicators. Some evaluation indicators are suggested on the basis of the characteristics of the oilfields and the principles of emergy analysis. These indicators are complementary and interrelated. They comprehensively evaluate the complex ecosystem of oil fields from four microcosmic aspects of resources, environment, society and economy. In order to test the applicability of the evaluation system, we collected and compiled the production, consumption and environmental data of the Jizhong block in the Huabei oilfield from 2005 to 2014. And fed these data into the evaluation system for oilfields’ sustainable economic efficiency. The results show:1) The current non-renewable resources utilization in the oilfield is relatively high, which reflects that the oilfield has entered the depletion period. 2) The oilfield has invested in environmental protection, but the protection efficiency needs to be improved.3) The local economy is in a steady upward trend. And there will be more development opportunities in the future. In addition, the evaluation system can be applied to the entire Huabei oilfield and also for other oilfields. It is applicable to oilfields at all stages of development, and especially old oilfields that have entered the depletion period.