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缝洞型油藏三维可视化模型底水驱油水界面特征研究
屈鸣,侯吉瑞,李军,谭涛,郭臣,石媛丽
1 中国石油大学( 北京) 提高采收率研究院,北京 102249 2 中国石油化工股份有限公司西北油田分公司,乌鲁木齐 830001 3 中国石油天然气股份有限公司华北油田分公司, 任丘 065700
Research into characteristics of the oil-water interface during bottom water flooding in a fractured-vuggy reservoir by a 3-D visual model
QU Ming, HOU Jirui, LI Jun, TAN Tao, GUO Chen, SHI Yuanli
1 Research Institute of Enhanced Oil Recovery, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China 2 Sinopec Northwest China Petroleum Bureau, Urumqi 830001, China 3 PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Company, Renqiu 065700, China

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摘要  缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏以溶洞和裂缝为主要储集空间,具有较强的非均质性。为了真实反映缝洞型油藏底水驱过程中油水界面特征,以塔河油田 S48缝洞单元为基础,设计并制作缝洞型油藏三维可视化物理模型进行底水驱室内实验,对缝洞单元宏观油水界面特征、缝洞组合油水界面特征、底水锥进油水界面特征、填充物对油水界面特征的影响等进行定性和定量分析。研究结果表明:缝洞单元内,宏观油水界面高度差加剧了油藏内部流场的不均匀分布。水体垂直进入上部溶洞时,实际水体凸起高度大于静止状态下的水体凸起高度,我们将这种现象定义为“泉眼效应”。缝洞组合中,缝洞油水界面受润湿性、弯曲液面附加压力、连通性的影响,存在高度差,油水界面无因次高度差与裂缝采收率之间存在负相关性;盲端洞中油水界面呈凸液面,底水可抬升油水液面高度和油水凸液面凸起高度。溶洞井和裂缝井底部发生底水锥进时,油水界面特征不同,裂缝井井底锥进现象比溶洞井井底锥进现象更为明显。受填充物润湿性影响,油水界面在填充区域上升较快,易形成窜流通道,局部没有统一的油水界面,填充物所在区域流体呈现渗流特征。室内研究结果可为缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏矿场底水驱开发方案设计及剩余油挖潜提供参考。
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关键词 : 缝洞型油藏;三维可视化模型;底水驱;油水界面
Abstract

Caves and fractures are the main oil space in a fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoir which has strong heterogeneity.In order to research the characteristics of the oil-water interface during bottom water flooding, a 3-D visual fractured-vuggy reservoir model was designed and built on the basis of the S48 fractured-vuggy unit in the Tahe oil field. Using this model, bottom water flooding experiments were conducted, which led to the analysis of the fracture-vuggy unit oil-water interface char-acteristics, fracture-vuggy connections, oil-water interface characteristics, bottom water coning oil-water interface characteristics and filler’s influence on oil-water interface characteristics. The experiment results show that: in certain fractured-vuggy units, macroscopic oil-water interface height differences lead to stronger non-uniform flow distribution. When bottom water flowed vertically into a cave, the actual water bump height was higher than the height of the stationary state which was only affected by interfacial tension and gravity. We define this phenomenon as the "spring effect". In fractured-vuggy connections, the oil-water interface height in fractures was different from that in caves, the height difference was influenced by wettability, additional pressure on curved surfaces and connections of fractures and caves. Oil-water interface dimensionless height difference and oil recovery in fractures were negatively correlated. The oil-water interface in blind caves was convex, the bottom water lifts both the oil-water interface height and the convex surface height. The characteristics of oil-water interface were different when bottom water coning happened from wells in caves or fractures. What is more, fillers made a great influence on oil-water interfaces. This appeared as seepage characteristics in filling areas, the oil-water interface in the region of the filling lifting fast and forming water channels easily. There was no same oil-water interface in part. The result of experiments provides a theoretical basis for bottom water flooding and enhanced oil recovery in fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs.

Key words: fractured-vuggy reservoir; 3-D visual fractured-vuggy reservoir model; bottom water flooding; oil-water interface
收稿日期: 2017-04-10     
PACS:    
基金资助:国家科技重大专项“缝洞型油藏泡沫辅助气驱提高采收率技术研究” (2016ZX05014-004-004)和国家科技重大专项“缝洞型油藏注气提高采收率机理研究”(2016ZX05014-004-001)联合资助
通讯作者: 侯吉瑞 houjirui@126.com
引用本文:   
屈鸣, 侯吉瑞, 李军, 谭涛, 郭臣, 石媛丽. 缝洞型油藏三维可视化模型底水驱油水界面特征研究. 石油科学通报, 2018, 04: 422-433
链接本文:  
QU Ming, HOU Jirui, LI Jun, TAN Tao, GUO Chen, SHI Yuanli. Research into characteristics of the oil-water interface during bottom water flooding in a fractured-vuggy reservoir by a 3-D visual model. Petroleum Science Bulletin, 2018, 04: 422-433. doi: 10.3969/j.issn. 2096-1693.2018.04.038
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